New research in genetics. How genes influence a person’s character

Genetics is a branch of the science of biology that studies the development of organisms and heredity. It is an integrative biological discipline that studies two fundamental properties of all living things: variability and hereditary environment.

The main sections of genetics are:

– Molecular genetics
– Human genetics
– Genetics of microorganisms
– Plant genetics
– Animal genetics
– Population genetics
– Evolutionary genetics

Genetics has made a significant contribution to the development of medicine, agriculture, forensics, and biotechnology. It addresses ethical issues, raises questions of eugenics and genetic discrimination, and considers the influence of genes on the character of future humans.

Genes:

– DNA: Are molecules that contain instructions for the development and functioning of an organism.
– Heredity: Passed from parent to child.
– Influence: On various aspects of a person, including his or her character.

The influence of genes on character:

– Temperament: innate personality traits such as activity, impulsivity, socialisation.
– Personality traits: extraversion, conscientiousness.

Examples:

– DRD4 gene: Linked to novelty seeking
– MAOA gene: Linked to aggression.
– 5-HTTLPR gene: Linked to neuroticism.

Important to note:

– Genes do not completely determine a person’s character.
– Environment: has a great influence on personality development.
– Upbringing: plays an important role in character development.

Genes and character are a complex interaction:

– There is no “gene” for a particular character trait.
Many genes contribute to the formation of each character trait.

To name the recent developments by genetic scientists in the study of human traits and their interaction with the genome.

1. CRISPR genome editing:
– Technology: allows scientists to edit the DNA of living organisms.
– Applications: treating genetic diseases, creating new plant varieties, fighting cancer.

2. Artificial intelligence:
– Used: to analyse large amounts of genetic data.
– Applications: finding new genes associated with diseases, developing personalised medicine.

There are also changes in the study of the aging genome, and in-depth study of epigenetics and the microbiome is being considered. Increased attention is now being directed to know-how in the field of behavioural genetics and genome sequencing. Scientists have made positive strides in cancer treatment through cancer genetics. They are helping people cope with emotional disorders, as new developments in the genetics of mental illness and general human development are already being introduced.